A heart transplant is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage heart failure, but not everyone qualifies. This process involves strict medical evaluations, organ matching, and precise surgical techniques. In this case study, students explore the procedures involved in this life saving technology.
The case includes three major sections, which questions and diagrams for students to remain engaged with the text. Perfect for an anatomy or health class!
Criteria for Heart Transplant Eligibility
John Mitchell is a 48-year-old with severe heart failure. His symptoms include shortness of breath and persistent fatigue. Cardiologists evaluate his eligibility for a transplant based on the severity of his condition, overall health, and ability to adhere to post-transplant care. Those in Stage D heart failure—the most advanced stage—are often prioritized for transplantation.
Where Do Donor Hearts Come From?
Donor hearts typically come from brain-dead individuals whose families have consented to organ donation. These hearts must be carefully preserved and transported within 4–6 hours to remain viable. A perfusion system keeps hearts healthy by providing oxygen during transport.
The Transplant Surgery: What Happens?
During surgery, doctors remove the failing heart with careful cuts made at major blood vessels, including the aorta, pulmonary artery, and vena cava. The new heart is then sutured into place and restarted, restoring normal blood flow.
Heart transplantation is a complex yet life-saving process requiring precise coordination between donor networks, medical teams, and transplant recipients. Advances in organ preservation and surgical techniques continue to improve outcomes for patients in need. John’s prognosis is good, though he will need to take immunosuppressant to prevent the rejection of his new heart.
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