General

An attempt to classify organisms based on overall similarity, usually in morphology or other observable traits, regardless of their phylogeny […]

Classification based on quantitative analysis of physical traits and evolutionary relationships is Cladistics Two taxonomic species are distinguished from each

 Xanthophyceae – Oil Chrysophyceae -Fat and leucosin Mannitol and laminarin-Phaeophyceae Bacillariophyceae -Fat and volutin Thallus Structure in Algae —– Many

Bacteria exert both deleterious and benefical effects on human life. Beneficial species liberate fertilizer elements for growing crops, destroy sewage

 Specialized cell typical of many fungal plant pathogens that is used to infect host plants: Appressorium vegetative mode of reproduction in

·         False smut of paddy – Ustilaginoidea virens·         Blight of paddy is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae·         Spodoptera mauritia is a